THROUGH-BEAM PHOTOELECTRIC SENSORS

Through-Beam Photoelectric Sensors

A through-beam pair puts the emitter and receiver on opposite sides of the gap, so the target simply breaks the beam. It is the most reliable optical sensing mode in dust, mist and vibration, and the only one that reaches 40 m. Available in M8 stainless, M12, M18 and M30 barrels and two rectangular sizes, with NPN or PNP outputs and IP67 protection.

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SEGMENsensor M18 through-beam photoelectric sensor with nickel-plated brass barrel housing
Rated range
80 mm – 40 m
Configurations
116 models
Output
NPN / PNP, light-on or dark-on
Supply
10–30 V DC, AC/DC types
Protection
IP67
Housings
M8 / M12 / M18 / M30 / rectangular

What is a through-beam photoelectric sensor?

A through-beam photoelectric sensor uses a separate emitter and receiver mounted opposite each other. The emitter sends a continuous modulated beam; the receiver switches its output the moment a target interrupts that beam. Because the light crosses the gap only once, this arrangement delivers the highest signal margin and the longest range of any optical sensing mode.

Through-beam sensing principleEmitterReceiverTarget blocks the beamBeam interrupted → output switches
Emitter and receiver face each other. The output switches when the target breaks the beam.

When should you choose through-beam over the other modes?

Choose through-beam whenever detection reliability matters more than installation effort. Four situations make it the clear answer:

The trade-off is installation: two housings, two mounting points and a cable run on each side.

What ranges are available?

Barrel and rectangular through-beam pairs cover 80 mm to 40 m. Slot sensors, which are also a through-beam arrangement, cover fixed gaps from 5 mm to 50 mm and are described on the slot sensor page.

HousingSeriesRated rangeTypical application
M8 stainless barrelSEGS880 mm, 150 mmTight machine cells, small-part presence
M12 barrelSEGP12 / SEGB125.2 mCompact conveyors, assembly stations
M18 barrelSEGP18 / SEGB1815 mStandard conveyor crossings
M30 barrelSEGP30 / SEGB3030 mWide bays, gates, shutters
Rectangular 31 mmSEGQ315 m, 10 mFlat mounting where a thread is impractical
Rectangular 50 mmSEGQ5020 m, 40 mLongest spans, outdoor-sheltered gates

How do you size the range correctly?

Specify a rated range with headroom over the actual gap. A pair rated at 15 m used across a 3 m conveyor keeps working as lenses collect dust, as the frame flexes and as the LED ages. Running a 5.2 m pair across a 5 m gap leaves nothing in reserve, and the first dusty week produces intermittent faults that are difficult to diagnose.

Rated ranges are stated for a clean, correctly aligned pair at 25 °C. Contamination, misalignment and ambient light all reduce the usable distance. Confirm the margin for your installation before finalising a model.

Selection table

116 through-beam configurations are available in total. Emitters carry the suffix D or U and have no switching output; receivers carry N or P for NPN or PNP.

ModelSeries / formSensing distanceOutputSupplyConnectionHousingLight source
SEGB12-T5200D-EI3L2B12 · M125.2 mNPN light-on10-30 V DC2 m PVC cableNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB12-T5200P-DI3U2B12 · M125.2 mPNP dark-on10-30 V DC2 m PVC cableNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB18-T015MA-DIEL4B18 · M1815 mDark-on24-240 V ACM12 connectorNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB18-T015MA-EIEL4B18 · M1815 mLight-on24-240 V ACM12 connectorNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB18-T015MD-EIEL4B18 · M1815 mNPN light-on / dark-on10-30 V DCM12 connectorNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB18-T015P-SIEU4B18 · M1815 mPNP light-on / dark-on10-30 V DCM12 connectorNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB30-T030MA-DI3L2B30 · M3030 mDark-on24-240 V AC2 m PVC cableNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB30-T030MA-DIEL4B30 · M3030 mLight-on24-240 V ACM12 connectorNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB30-T030MD-EI3L2B30 · M3030 mNPN light-on / dark-on10-30 V DC2 m PVC cableNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGB30-T030MP-SIEU4B30 · M3030 mPNP light-on / dark-on10-30 V DCM12 connectorNickel-plated brassInfrared
SEGP12-T5200D-EI3L2P12 · M125.2 mNPN light-on10-30 V DC2 m PVC cablePlasticInfrared
SEGP12-T5200P-DIEU4P12 · M125.2 mPNP dark-on10-30 V DCM12 connectorPlasticInfrared
SEGP18-T015MA-DI3U2P18 · M1815 mDark-on24-240 V AC2 m PVC cablePlasticInfrared
SEGP18-T015MA-EI2L2P18 · M1815 mLight-on24-240 V AC2 m PVC cablePlasticInfrared
SEGP18-T015MD-EI3L2P18 · M1815 mPNP light-on / dark-on10-30 V DC2 m PVC cablePlasticInfrared
SEGP18-T015MD-EIEL4P18 · M1815 mNPN light-on / dark-on10-30 V DCM12 connectorPlasticInfrared
SEGP30-T030MA-DI3L2P30 · M3030 mLight-on24-240 V ACM12 connectorPlasticInfrared
SEGP30-T030MA-DIEL4P30 · M3030 mDark-on20-240 V ACM12 connectorPlasticInfrared
SEGP30-T030MD-EI3L2P30 · M3030 mNPN light-on / dark-on24-240 V AC2 m PVC cablePlasticInfrared
SEGP30-T030MP-SI4U2P30 · M3030 mPNP light-on / dark-on24-240 V AC2 m PVC cablePlasticInfrared

How do you wire a through-beam pair?

The emitter needs supply only — brown and blue. The receiver carries the switching output on black. Both units must share the same 0 V reference as the controller.

Photoelectric sensor wire colour and connector pin assignment
FunctionCable colour (IEC 60947-5-2)M12 pinM8 pinNotes
Supply +Brown1110–30 V DC on standard DC models
Supply −Blue330 V / common
Output (NPN or PNP)Black44Main switching output
Second output / mode selectWhite22Present on 4-wire NO + NC and selectable models
Emitter (through-beam)Brown + blue only1, 31, 3Emitters carry no switching output

An NPN output sinks current to 0 V; a PNP output sources current from the supply. Match the sensor output to the input card of the controller — wiring a PNP sensor to a sinking input (or the reverse) leaves the input permanently off. Confirm the pin assignment on the datasheet before wiring a specific model.

Troubleshooting through-beam installations

SymptomLikely causeWhat to check
Output never switchesOutput type does not match the controller inputNPN vs PNP; sinking vs sourcing input card
Output chatters at the switching pointInsufficient excess gain, or target at the edge of rangeShorten the span, or step up to a longer-range model
Intermittent output over a long spanEmitter and receiver drifting out of alignmentRe-centre the beam and lock both brackets; check for machine vibration
Small parts are missedPart smaller than the effective beam diameterFit an aperture or slit mask, or select a model with a narrower beam
Clear bottles or film not detectedA transparent target attenuates the beam only slightlyReduce the sensitivity margin, or select a model with adjustable gain
Random switching near other sensorsOptical crosstalk between adjacent unitsAlternate emitter/receiver orientation, or increase spacing
Detection drifts through the shiftLens contamination in dust or sprayClean both lenses; specify a longer rated range for more excess gain
Fast parts on a conveyor are skippedResponse time too slow for the line speedCalculate dwell time from part length and belt speed, then compare with response time
Output inverted versus expectationLight-on / dark-on set the wrong waySelect the opposite model variant, or switch mode if the model supports it

Related products

Photoelectric sensing is one of six sensor families we build in Shenzhen. Where an optical solution is not the right fit, these alternatives cover the same detection tasks:

Frequently asked questions

What is a through-beam photoelectric sensor?

A through-beam photoelectric sensor is a two-part optical sensor: an emitter that projects a modulated light beam and a receiver mounted opposite it. The receiver switches its output when a target interrupts the beam. This gives the highest signal margin and the longest range of any photoelectric sensing mode.

How far can a through-beam sensor detect?

In this catalogue, rated ranges run from 80 mm on the M8 stainless series to 40 m on the rectangular 50 mm series. M12 pairs reach 5.2 m, M18 pairs 15 m and M30 pairs 30 m. Always specify headroom above the actual installed gap.

Why is through-beam better in dusty environments?

Excess gain. Light crosses the gap once and arrives at a dedicated receiver, so the received signal is far stronger than in reflective modes where light must make a return trip. That surplus is what lets the sensor keep switching as dust accumulates on the lenses.

Does the emitter need its own output wiring?

No. The emitter takes supply only, normally brown and blue on a two-wire cable, and produces no switching signal. All switching happens at the receiver, whose black wire carries the NPN or PNP output. Both units must share the controller's 0 V reference.

Can a through-beam sensor detect transparent objects?

Yes, if the sensitivity margin is set correctly, because clear material still attenuates the beam slightly. For thin film and clear bottles on fast lines, a polarising retro-reflective model is usually the more repeatable choice. Discuss the specific target with our engineers before ordering.

How do I stop two adjacent pairs interfering with each other?

Alternate the orientation so that emitters do not face neighbouring receivers — emitter, receiver, emitter, receiver along the line rather than all emitters on one side. Increasing the spacing between pairs also helps. Confirm the minimum separation for a given model before finalising the layout.

What supply voltage do through-beam sensors use?

Standard DC models run on 10–30 V DC, which covers the 24 V DC used in almost all machine control panels. AC and universal AC/DC variants are available in the rectangular series for installations without a DC supply.

What is the difference between light-on and dark-on on a through-beam pair?

Light-on switches the output when the beam reaches the receiver, so the output is active when the path is clear. Dark-on switches when the beam is interrupted, so the output is active when a part is present. Order the variant that matches your control logic.

Do you supply through-beam sensors on an OEM basis?

Yes. Minimum order is 10 pieces per configuration. Cable length, connector type, housing marking and output configuration can be changed to your specification, and paid samples of catalogue models normally ship from Shenzhen within five to seven working days.

What should I send you to get a recommendation?

The installed gap, whether both sides are accessible for mounting and cabling, the environment (dust, moisture, washdown, temperature), the target size and speed, and the controller input type. That is enough for our engineers to propose two or three suitable configurations.

OEM and private-label supply

SEGMENsensor manufactures photoelectric sensors in Shenzhen for industrial OEM customers and distributors. Tell us the detection task rather than a part number — target material and colour, distance, background, mounting space, environment and controller input type — and our engineers return two or three suitable configurations with drawings.

MOQ from 10 pieces

Standard catalogue models ship from stock. Custom builds start at 10 pieces per configuration.

Private label and custom marking

Housing colour, laser marking, label artwork and packaging can be produced to your specification.

Cable and connector options

Cable length, jacket material, M8 or M12 connector and pin assignment can be changed on request.

Samples in 5–7 working days

Paid samples of catalogue models normally leave Shenzhen within five to seven working days.

Send us the detection task

Target, distance, background, environment and controller input — we reply with specifications and a quotation within one working day.

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Request a Quote for Through-Beam Photoelectric Sensors

Tell us your specification — our engineers reply within 24 hours.

MOQ 10 pcs · samples in 5–7 days · info@segmensensor.com

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